Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, i-Emilfischer, ophumelele emvuzweni wamakhemikhali ngo-1901, nge-dimettide ye-glytide yokuqala okokuqala, eveza ukuthi isakhiwo sangempela se-peptide sakhiwa amathambo anampilo. Ngemuva konyaka, waphakamisa igama"inphoni", kwaqala ukucwaninga kwesayensi kwe-peptide.

Ama-amino acid ake athathwa njengeyunithi elincane kakhulu lomzimba'Ukutholwa kokudla kwamaprotheni, ngenkathi ama-peptides aqashelwa kuphela njengokubola kwamaprotheni okuphezulu. Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwesayensi kanye nezakhi zomzimba, ososayensi bathole ukuthi ngemuva kokugaywa kwamaprotheni futhi kubulene, ezimweni eziningi, ama-poptides amancane ahlanganiswe amathumbu amancane angama-2 kuye kwangama-3 angenwe ngqo kunalokho of single amino acid. Kancane kancane abantu babona ukuthi i-peptide encane ingenye into ebaluleke kakhulu empilweni, futhi umsebenzi wawo ubambe iqhaza kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba.

I-Peptide yi-polymer ye-amino acid, kanye nohlobo lwe-compound phakathi kwe-amino acid namaprotheni, futhi aqukethe ama-amino acid amabili noma angaphezu kwesibili axhumeka komunye nomunye nge-peptide chain. Ngakho-ke, ngakolunye uhlangothi, singacabanga nge-peptide ayiphelele yomkhiqizo wamaprotheni.

Ama-peptides akhiwa ama-amino acid ngama-oda athile axhunywe yi-peptide chain.

Ngokusho kwe-nomenclature eyamukelwe, ihlukaniswe ngama-oligopeptides, amaprotheni namaprotheni.

I-Oligopeptide yakhiwa ngama-2-9 amino acid.

I-PolyPeppide yakhiwa ama-amino acid angama-10-50.

Amaprotheni ayindlela etholwa esolwa ama-amino acid angaphezu kwama-50.

Kwakuwumbono wokuthi lapho amaprotheni angena emzimbeni, futhi ngaphansi kwesenzo sochungechunge lokugaya ukudla epheshana lokugaya ukudla kungagaya e-polypEptide, i-oligopeptide, ekugcineni ukubola kuma-amino acid, kanye nokutholwa komzimba ku-protein kungaba kuphela kwenziwe ngendlela yama-amino acid wamahhala.

Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwesayensi yesimanjemanje nezakhi zomzimba, ososayensi bathole ukuthi i-oligopeptide ingahle igxishwe ngokuphelele amathumbu, futhi kancane kancane yamukelwa ngabantu njengohlobo lwe-Oligopeptide I-II yahlanganiswa ngempumelelo.

Ucwaningo lwesayensi luthole ukuthi i-Oligopeptide inendlela ehlukile yokumunca:

1. Ukumunca ngokuqondile ngaphandle kokugaya. Inefilimu evikelayo ebusweni bayo, engeke yabekwa ngaphansi kwe-enzymatic hydrolysis ngochungechunge lwama-enzyme kuhlelo lokugaya abantu, futhi lungena ngqo amathumbu amancane ngendlela ephelele futhi utholwe amathumbu amancane.

2. Ukutholwa okusheshayo. Ngaphandle kokungcola noma ukudonsa, kanye nokulungiswa kwamaseli owonakele.

3. Njengebhuloho lesithwali. Dlulisa zonke izinhlobo zezakhi zamaseli, izitho kanye nezinhlangano emzimbeni.

Isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi efana nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, ukudla kanye nokugcotshwa ngokutholwa kwayo okulula, umsoco ocebile kanye nomphumela ovuthayo wezomzimba wenkambu ephezulu. I-petictide ye-molecule encane iye yaqashelwa yi-National Doping Control Organisation njengoMkhiqizo Ophephile wabasubathi abangawusebenzisa, futhi ibutho labantu lenkululeko lenkululeko linye lithatha ama-molecule ama-poligade amancane. Ama-poptides amancane amancane athathe indawo enamandla amaningi asetshenziswa ngabasubathi esikhathini esedlule. Ngemuva kokuqeqeshwa kokuncintisana okuphezulu, ukuphuza inkomishi yama-polides amancane ama-molecule kungcono ukubuyisela ukuqina komzimba kanye nokugcina impilo kunemigoqo yamandla. Ikakhulu ekulimaleni kwemisipha kanye nethambo, umsebenzi wokulungisa ama-molecule ama-poptides amancane awanakufinyeleleka.